Re, the required minimum make contact with pressure pmin = two.74 MPa. The maximum make contact with pressure pmax that the extrusion roller can bear without plastic deformation is as follows [11]: pmax = 1 – ( d two ) / D 3+( d 4 ) s2 D (2)where s2 would be the yield strength from the roller sleeve, s2 = 835 MPa, D will be the outer diameter of the roller sleeve, and D = 1800 mm; pmax = 259.42 MPa was obtained. The relationship among the interference along with the speak to stress involving the roller shaft as well as the roller sleeve is as follows [11]: = pd( C1 C + two) E1 E2 (3)exactly where C1 = [d2 + d2 ]/[d2 – d2 ] – , C2 = [ D2 + d2 ]/[ D2 – d2 ] + , and where will be the 1 1 interference, p is the get in touch with pressure involving the roller shaft as well as the roller sleeve, C1 could be the rigidity coefficient of your roller shaft, C2 could be the rigidity coefficient of the roller sleeve, E1 may be the elastic modulus in the roller shaft, E2 could be the elastic modulus with the roller sleeve, is definitely the Poisson’s ratio in the roller shaft, is the Poisson’s ratio on the roller sleeve, and d1 is definitely the inner diameter on the roller shaft; hence d1 = 200 mm. The relationship in between the maximum stress on the roller shaft 1max , the maximum anxiety on the roller sleeve 2max , as well as the make contact with pressure pf is as follows [8]: 1max = 2max =pf a(4) (5)pf c exactly where a and c would be the roller shaft and roller sleeve coefficients, FeTPPS medchemexpress respectively.d a = [1 – ( d1 ) ]/2 = 0.49, c = [1 – ( D ) ]/2 = 0.28. d The interference between the roller shaft as well as the roller sleeve = 1.45 mm, get the corresponding make contact with pressure pf = 69.05 MPa, pmin pf pmax , which meets the needs of get in touch with pressure. The maximum pressure on the roller shaft 1max = 140.92 MPa s1 = 930 MPa, as well as the maximum strain on the roller sleeve 2max = 246.61 MPa s2 = 835 MPa. It could be observed that the interference = 1.45 mm meets the strength requirement.two.two. Extrusion Force of Extrusion Roller The extrusion force around the extrusion roller needs to be considered depending on the law of material compression and rebound characteristics. Following getting into the compression zone, the material is extruded by the extrusion roller, and also the extrusion force increases with all the decrease in the stress angle inside a particular range. When the stress angle is zero, the extrusion force reaches the maximum worth. Following the material enters the rebound zoneAppl. Sci. 2021, 11,five ofat a certain angle, the extrusion force gradually decreases to zero. The horizontal stress equation at any point on the surface in the extrusion roller is as follows [8]: computer ln1-0 1- 1-0 1-1 n 1 np(, ) =1 – (2 ||)m 0p ln c( – )k 1 – (2 ||)m – 0 s-(6)exactly where p(,) may be the horizontal strain at any point from the extrusion roller in MPa ( would be the pressure angle, = Z/B, Z may be the distance from a point on the roller surface to the vertical surface inside the extrusion roller), 0 is definitely the angle in the starting of compression zone, D is definitely the extrusion roller diameter in mm, computer would be the distinct pressure of material in MPa, may be the relative density at the finish of your rebound zone, is definitely the angle in the end on the rebound zone, s may be the relative density at the finish of compression zone, and 0 could be the initial relative density. The calculation formula is 0 = 0 /, where 0 could be the initial density, is compaction density of material in kg/m3 , could be the pressure angle relative density from the corresponding material layer, n would be the compression curve issue, and m could be the axial distribution coefficient of pressure, exactly where m 1. The material employed was silica sand in this a.
