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D rat mammary carcinoma model. Cancer Res 1987, 47:5386?390. 39. Piskunov A, Rochette-Egly C: A retinoic acid receptor RARalpha pool present in membrane lipid rafts forms complexes with G protein alphaQ to activate p38MAPK. Oncogene 2012, 31:3333?345. 40. Pan J, Kao YL, Joshi S, Jeetendran S, Dipette D, Singh US: Activation of Rac1 by phosphatidylinositol DL-alpha-Tocopherol Purity 3-kinase in vivo: function in activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and retinoic acidinduced neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurochem 2005, 93:571?83. 41. Kunigal S, Ponnusamy MP, Momi N, Batra SK, Chellappan SP: Nicotine, IFNgamma and retinoic acid mediated induction of MUC4 in pancreatic cancer needs E2F1 and STAT-1 transcription variables and make use of distinctive signaling cascades. Mol Cancer 2012, 11:24. 42. Zaragoza R, Gimeno A, Miralles VJ, Garcia-Trevijano ER, Carmena R, Garcia C, Mata M, Puertes IR, Torres L, Vina JR: Retinoids induce MMP-9 expression through RARalpha during mammary gland remodeling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007, 292:E1140 1148.Garc -Regalado et al. Molecular Cancer 2013, 12:44 http://www.molecular-cancer.com/content/12/1/Page 12 of43. Billottet C, Banerjee L, Vanhaesebroeck B, Khwaja A: Inhibition of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity impairs proliferation and triggers apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia devoid of affecting atrainduced differentiation. Cancer Res 2009, 69:1027?036. 44. Srinivas H, Xia D, Moore NL, Uray IP, Kim H, Ma L, Weigel NL, Brown PH, Kurie JM: Akt phosphorylates and suppresses the transactivation of retinoic acid receptor alpha. Biochem J 2006, 395:653?62. 45. Mrass P, Rendl M, Mildner M, Gruber F, Lengauer B, Ballaun C, Eckhart L, Tschachler E: Retinoic acid increases the expression of p53 and proapoptotic caspases and sensitizes keratinocytes to apoptosis: a achievable explanation for tumor preventive action of retinoids. Cancer Res 2004, 64:6542?548. 46. Lefebvre B, Brand C, Flajollet S, Lefebvre P: Down-regulation in the tumor suppressor gene retinoic acid receptor beta2 by way of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Endocrinol 2006, 20:2109?121. 47. Farias EF, Marzan C, Mira-y-Lopez R: Cellular retinol-binding protein-I inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling via a retinoic acid receptor-dependent mechanism that regulates p85-p110 heterodimerization. Oncogene 2005, 24:1598?606.doi:10.1186/1476-4598-12-44 Cite this short article as: Garc -Regalado et al.: Activation of Akt pathway by transcription-independent mechanisms of retinoic acid promotes survival and invasion in lung cancer cells. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:44.Submit your subsequent manuscript to BioMed Central and take full benefit of:?Handy online submission ?Thorough peer overview ?No space constraints or color figure AGN 194078 Technical Information charges ?Immediate publication on acceptance ?Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar ?Analysis which is freely offered for redistributionSubmit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit
Arsenic compounds are essential drugs that have been made use of in both People’s Republic of China as well as the Western globe for additional than two,000 years. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and arsenic sulfide (As4S4) were found to have fantastic anti-leukemic activity in particular against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).1? As2O3 has a synergistic effect when combined with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). The precise mechanism of such synergistic effect on APL remains incompletely understood, even though it was discovered that thei.

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